Category: Talking Point

薄膜太阳能组件转换效率世界纪录达17.6%

Manz集团的研究合作伙伴神华光伏科技研发有限公司刷新CIGS 总部位于北京和施韦比施哈尔的合资企业NICE Solar Energy (神华光伏科技研发有限公司)自2017年成立以来,一直专注于CIGS技术的研发 Manz 集团的生产设备成就世界纪录 创新世界纪录的组件已通过德国莱茵TÜV认证 NICE Solar Energy (神华光伏科技研发有限公司)为Manz集团与中国能源投资有限公司、上海电气集团于2017年4月所共同组建的中德创新与合作公司。在北京拥有约80名专家,在德国施韦比施哈尔施韦比施哈尔拥有160名员工,具备全球最坚实的CIGS薄膜太阳能技术研发能力。日前由其在德国施韦比施哈尔的研发中心以Manz集团的设备所生产的CIGS薄膜太阳能组件达17.6%(组件面积120 x 60厘米),刷新世界纪录,并已获得德国莱茵TÜV的认证。 此次的成就主要是基于2011年Manz集团在斯图加特太阳能与氢能研究中心Baden-Württemberg(ZSW)支持下所制定的长期的技术路线图。从那时起,隶属于Manz施韦比施哈尔的CIGSlab创新线所生产的CIGS组件在效率上即不断提高,ZSW实验室的效率也得以付诸验证于生产在线。随着NICE Solar Energy于2017年4月成立,从而聚集、增进更多的能量,NICE Solar Energy得以以最快的速度进一步加快CIGS技术的研发。 Manz 集团首席执行官Martin Drasch表示:‘我们研发合作伙伴NICE Solar Energy达成世界纪录是由多种因素共同促成的:以Manz集团在施韦比施哈尔CIGS生产在线累积数十年的工艺调适开发经验以及不断开发提升效能的生产设备做为基石。最后也是最重要的,NICE Solar Energy施韦比施哈尔和北京的同事们展现了出色的开发能力,因此我们中德团队在行业中进行了前所未有的跨地域合作。’

轻点鼠标,即可在所有生产 线和配方调整中实现相同质量设置

开创互联光伏电池生产 4.0 目前制造商在多条生产线上生产光伏电池时,必须手动调整配方,这个过程复杂、易出错。通过 Central Recipe Tool,ISRA VISION 提供了一个方便的工具,可以快速、直观地管理和测量配方。该工具大幅简化了多生产线管理,可确保所有生产线上的设置相同,进行版本控制,批准和调整配方。 光伏电池生产面临各种各样的挑战。工厂要求快速渡过高质量光伏电池的爬坡效应期,因为这是提高生产经济性的唯一途径。目前的工厂通常配备约 10-20 条并行生产线,甚至有些工厂配备 30 条并行生产线。目前为止,每个生产和检验步骤中的所有配方设置均手动进行,每年进行数次。每次进行新设置时,必须停止相关生产线。这将导致产率大幅下降,每个工厂每年的停机时间增加到数天。另外,手动设置还经常存在不同系统使用的配方不一致的风险。因此,无法在生产线甚至工厂之间进行有意义的比对。 轻点鼠标,即可转出 如果可以在中心服务器上托管配方,轻点鼠标即可将配方转出到每个系统,将会大大简化流程。为此,ISRA VISION 开发并发布了 Central Recipe Tool (CRT) 。CRT 是基于服务器的集中配方管理软件。只需维护一个中心服务器配方,无需维护多个配方。之后将配方转出到同一种类型的所有互联系统。因此,质量准则适用于所有生产线,防止设置不一致导致产率差异。只需轻按按钮,即可对所有其他系统进行配方调整,对检验系统实现节约型管理。使用新资源,可以更好地监控生产,此外还具有多种其他优势。

可靠的异质结太阳能电池生产设备

异质结技术(HJT)是目前太阳能行业中提升太阳能电池效率和太阳能电池组件输出功率的一种最佳选择。HJT结合了掺氮晶体硅片的高质量与非晶硅薄膜层的最佳钝化效果和电荷选择特性,以及高度透明的TCO接触层,用于生产一种高性能太阳能电池,其性能超过了具有扩散发射极的传统太阳能电池,例如PERC。异质结太阳能电池由硅晶片制成,两极均使用钝化接触。由于这些非常薄的非晶硅层堆的有益能量水平、电荷载体选择性和极好的钝化特性,可能实现特别高的效率。除此之外,HJT太阳能电池非常适合双面模块应用。 与PERC或TOPCON电池相比,HJT太阳能电池的生产工艺更为简单,所需的生产步骤明显更少。而且,其组件的功率年退化率为0.45%,与PERC组件0.7%的年退化率相比要好得多。由于较高的电池效率和较低的温度系数,与传统的硅太阳能电池相比,HJT模块可提供更高的平均能量生产性能。 2019年《光伏杂志》(PV Magazine)报道了全尺寸(244cm²)双面接触异质结太阳能电池的最高效率记录,达25.11%。背面接触异质结电池26.7%效率保持了单晶体硅太阳能电池的最高记录。如今额定容量400瓦的带HJT太阳能电池的太阳能组件已经面市。 预计未来异质结电池市场会有很高的增长率。2019年的《国际光伏技术路线图》报告预计,HJT电池将在2026年占到市场份额的12%,到2029年将占至15%——十年前,只有松下一家公司生产使用该技术的产品,这种增速十分稳定。 如今,全球许多地区都已经在生产HJT太阳能电池,比如日本、新加坡、台湾、中国大陆、美国和欧洲。 德国新格拉斯科技集团与异质结 过去,德国新格拉斯科技集团已向许多大型太阳能电池制造商供应生产设备。湿法处理设备以及真空薄膜沉积设备在世界各地的电池厂商中得到有效应用。2019年,集团为一家大型太阳能电池一级制造商安装了一台GENERIS PVD大型在线真空溅射设备,用于异质结太阳能电池生产,并发挥了出色的生产性能。 异质结溅射技术 将具有不同电子性质的薄膜沉积在掺氮晶体硅片上,以生产和供应电能。异质结和钝化结构由本征和掺杂非晶硅的双面薄层形成。在这些硅结构的顶部,通过溅射工艺涂上薄而透明的导电氧化物膜(TCO)作为接触层,将产生的电从电池中传导出去。 通过溅射沉积进行镀膜的其中一种最常用的办法就是使用磁控管源,在磁控管源中,等离子体受到磁场的限制和增强。正离子从等离子体中加速进入目标表面,释放目标材料并涂覆在基板上。常见的溅射方法包括用于导电靶的直流(DC)溅射和用于非导电靶的射频(RF)溅射。市场上的磁控溅射有各种模式,如直流、脉冲直流、双极和射频。由于其多功能性、方便的工艺控制以及低成本大规模应用的可能性,溅射沉积或溅射已广泛用于不同行业以及研发中。

链式碱抛系统

链式碱抛系统,作为SCHMID集团的一个重要研发成果,通过利用碱溶液(KOH)替代较难处理的硝酸(HNO3)来进行刻蚀,获得优异的边缘隔离和抛光效果,是目前市场上唯一无需使用硝酸的链式刻蚀设备。 目前行业常用酸刻蚀工艺对硅片进行边缘隔离和抛光,根据不同工艺要求,利用氢氟酸和硝酸(HF/HNO3)混合药液对硅片进行腐蚀,腐蚀深度为2-7µm。在整个工艺过程中,硝酸将硅氧化成二氧化硅(SiO2),同时产生大量的氮氧化物气体(NOx)。根据相关的环境法规,这些废气必须经过净化处理。HF/HNO3酸刻蚀工艺不仅化学品成本更高,而且废液、废气处理成本也很大。因此,SCHMID研发并采用KOH溶液来进行刻蚀,大大降低了化学品耗量和成本以及相应的处理成本。同时,这也更加满足日益严格的环境要求。 基于40多年丰富的湿法工艺经验,链式碱抛系统结合了SCHMID量产多年的链式碱单晶制绒机台和其他久经验证的湿法设备的优点,将多个工艺步骤集成到一个模块化的设备中。一方面将扩散工序生成的背面发射极与前表面发射极隔离;另一方面去除硅片表面的磷硅玻璃(PSG)。

突破固定思维:比玻璃更好的聚合物背板!

每个行业都有自己的习惯。“相对热指数”,“湿热”,“2000小时”是光伏测试和改为:鉴定的基石。但是这些“短期压力测试”能够反映聚合物真实的现场失效并预测背板甚至光伏组件的耐用性吗? 在造成数十亿损失的同时,完美的“ 固有思维”测试了Icosolar AAA背板,130°C的RTI令人印象深刻,为组件制造商带来了永恒的寿命。 在我们去年的PES出版物中,我们展示了Icosolar AAA的长期稳定性不是130°C,而是大约65°C,与今天众所周知的灾难表现一致。 如何得出这个“65°C ”值? 我们要突破固有思维定式,必须开发可靠的新材料! 在我们的文章中,我们将提供新的“ 突破固有思维定式”的测试结果,显示RefleXolar聚烯烃背板的设计有多强大,允许: – 降低水面光伏和沙漠应用等挑战性市场的风险。 – 增加组件发电输出。 为满足25年使用寿命(图1),我们在设计RefleXolar聚烯烃背板时考虑了以下聚合物失效机理: – 环境(湿度,过氧化物,交叉迁移)应力开裂,以层压件形式出现(“玻璃/ EVA /电池和焊带/ EVA /背板” )。

单晶硅棒和多晶硅块—— 寻找最佳等级判定方法

单晶硅棒和多晶硅块的等级判定(以下简称“判定”)一直是光伏产业上游供应商最关心的问题之一。由于两种材料的生产工艺不同,它们的判定方法也有差别。 1.单晶硅棒的判定方法 对于单晶硅棒来说,业内的传统判定方法涉及多个步骤:先从硅棒头尾部切下厚晶圆,经热氧和化学腐蚀等处理步骤后,由操作员观察厚晶圆上是否有滑移线。如果有,还需继续向内切片;如果没有,也需要根据经验判断还需切除多少来让剩余部分不含任何黑边、黑环和黑心。这些都直接影响材料的最终电池效率。但是,这个方法检查一片厚晶圆不仅非常耗时,还很依赖操作员的个人经验。 为了缩短判断时间,部分生产商转而使用红外设备来纵向扫描整根硅棒,检测滑移线的位置。每根硅棒最快只需5分钟即可确定含有滑移线的部分。接下来,操作员可根据结果来切除硅棒的废料部分。但是,红外设备无法检测黑边、黑环和黑心等缺陷,因此操作员仍需根据经验向内切割。随之而来的问题是,切多少可以确保完全去除废料,并且不浪费优质部分呢? 近年来快速兴起的光致发光(PL)成像技术给这个问题带来了及时的解决方案。PL是材料吸收光子后的光辐射。 在光伏硅基材料上应用这个原理,带来了PL成像检测技术:使用模拟太阳光照射硅片或电池片,并用专用的PL镜头来获得样本的PL成像。

Work smart, not hard

VesBox launches solar energy tool to help the world Abstract: the renewable energy solar sector has seen a spike in demand for utility scale and residential solar as corporates and household owners aim to achieve energy security. VesBox has positioned itself as the ideal pre-feasibility tool to enable decision makers measure and analyse their renewable… Read more »

Damen’s ambitions for American offshore wind

Damen Shipyards Group has established a firm foothold in the European offshore wind sector over the last decade. Now the Dutch shipbuilding and maritime services company is turning its attention to the emerging market of the American offshore wind industry. Here Damen’s Director Business Development & Market Intelligence, David Stibbe and Area Manager North America,… Read more »

Plain bearings as a viable alternative to roller bearings

In recent years, manufacturers for wind turbine gearboxes have been challenged with high expectations from OEMs to continuously increase torque density and reduce costs. As rotor sizes have increased, rotational speed has decreased (in view of tip speed limitations related to noise) and design torque for the gearbox has increased proportionally. In view of transport,… Read more »

Embracing the digital age

Wirescan has offered the innovative and non-destructive LIRA cable testing technology to the market for some years now. We have been watching the industry and looking at innovation, new technologies and how the cable testing industry can make the transition to the digital age. We came up with Wirescan Digital, a cloud-based cable test database… Read more »

Accelerating the offshore wind industry: prototyping and collaboration at the Port of Grenaa

New methods and technologies are required in order to reach the potential of offshore wind as an economically viable and sustainable energy resource. The Port of Grenaa is internationally recognized as a wind hub, due to its special designed facilities and expertise attained by serving the industry for years. By providing innovative offshore wind stakeholders… Read more »

Purposeful innovations

The offshore wind turbine installation market has matured significantly over the last decade. For the inexperienced observer, or even for some of the seasoned offshore professionals, the applied installation methods in Europe are all more, or less the same. However, only few of the existing installation vessels will be suitably equipped to meet the demands… Read more »

Damen’s ambitions for American offshore wind

Damen Shipyards Group has established a firm foothold in the European offshore wind sector over the last decade. Now the Dutch shipbuilding and maritime services company is turning its attention to the emerging market of the American offshore wind industry. Here Damen’s Director Business Development & Market Intelligence, David Stibbe and Area Manager North America,… Read more »

How long does a coating protect?

The steel structures, which make up a wind farm, need protection. Importantly, those offshore need a specific type, because without the correct coating corrosion occurs. This weakens and shortens the lifespan of the parts. Jo van Montfort, from Bjond, explains to PES why the choice of coating should be made by an expert, based on… Read more »

Cutting edge on the leading edge

The growth of wind energy is exceptional, both in terms of installations and physical size. In Europe alone, it’s predicted to overtake gas installations and become the largest form of power generation by 2020, supported firmly by a mammoth addition of 4.9GW in capacity during just the first half of 2019. Meanwhile, the size of… Read more »

Partnering for the ideal accommodation solution

When it comes to sourcing an accommodation solution, which meets the requirements of all stakeholders in a renewable energy operation, the most successful approach is to work with an experienced partner. With wind farms increasingly being planned further from shore, daily transfers of technicians and crew members via vessels are becoming a thing of the… Read more »

Driven by data

When it was first introduced to the maritime market, Damen’s Fast Crew Supplier (FCS) 2710 – the successor to the FCS 2610 – hit the headlines for many reasons. Stepless and safe crew transfers, increased passenger capacity and an optimised hull are all pieces of the puzzle that illustrate the evolving design. All in all,… Read more »

New arrival for the commercial sector

Fronius has been writing commercial PV success stories for over 15 years. Tens of thousands of Fronius IG Plus, Eco & Symo systems are in use around the world and are favoured and valued by installers and end customers alike. Now this forward-looking company is launching its latest product for the commercial sector: the Fronius… Read more »

Building solutions for the wind industry: listening for blade damage

As an acoustical engineer by trade, one of my acoustic consultancy’s specialisations is to monitor, assess and advise on wind farm noise levels. And this is where the story begins. We were told by a partner that experienced technicians could detect faults just by listening to the changes in sound generated by wind turbine blades…. Read more »

Is the future of UK onshore wind onsite?

In June this year, the UK government took a significant step forward in acknowledging the need to combat the global climate crisis by committing to a target of net zero carbon emissions by 2050. Renewable energy generation will have a critical role in meeting this obligation and establishing a low-carbon economy, but the country’s political… Read more »

Beyond availability

The wind industry has an obsession with availability, as the all-important performance metric. Calculating the percentage of a given period that a wind turbine is available for operation, is only part of the puzzle. A more important question is, is the asset doing what it is supposed to be doing and is the asset doing… Read more »

How to pick the right drone inspection service

With the rapid growth in availability of drones and access to commercial drone certification, the wind farm industry is becoming overrun with inexperienced operators offering drone inspection services. At the other extreme, advances in technology means that autonomous drone services are now being offered as a safer, more efficient alternative to wind turbine inspections. Having… Read more »

Managing solar energy storage

Procuring a solar energy system with battery storage helps homeowners protect the climate and reduce their energy costs. VARTA now offers several new features that allow consumers not only to store the surplus energy, but to manage their total energy consumption, including EV charging and heating water. Compatible with systems of other brands, these features… Read more »

Solar modules for energy access solutions with a unique approach to quality

The numbers speak for themselves. Around one billion people still live without electricity and another billion lack access to a reliable power source. Solar solutions present a unique opportunity to increase energy access and fundamentally improve living conditions in many countries, without affecting the climate or environment. Things are changing in Africa, the main energy… Read more »

The solar cell of the future has already arrived

While PERC has long since become the standard in the production of solar cells and the first major solar cell producers have already set their sights on the next upgrade technology, meaning TOPCon, a revolutionary technology is now reaching market maturity and promises the ‘solar cell of the future’. Solar cells with so-called heterojunction technology… Read more »

Ensuring quality in high volume manufacturing of complex thin film photovoltaic devices

Optical integrated metrology systems enable rapid and non-destructive process and quality control during the production of thin film photovoltaic (PV) devices. Given today’s price pressure, and the increasing complexity of the device architecture and process sequences, such methods become mandatory for economic thin film PV device manufacturing. Both technological and financial aspects have to be… Read more »

A company mission inspired by the sun

EKO Instruments, Tokyo, Japan, is well known for its advanced measurement instruments for solar energy industry. Irradiance instruments such as pyranometers, pyrheliometers and sun trackers can be found at solar monitoring stations on solar photovoltaic (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP) plants around the world. EKO I-V curve tracers are widely used to monitor the… Read more »

Taking grid connection to the next level

A quick and easy AC solution, or a highly sophisticated connection using DC technology? The best transmission solution for offshore wind parks depends on both distance and output. But cost is key: for both technologies, Siemens is putting all its development efforts into downsizing and standardization, in order to minimize installation and operational costs. It… Read more »

Top software for service providers

If you are a service provider within the wind industry, you do definitely have a lot of equipment that needs to be inspected regularly. This could be PPE equipment, hand tools, measuring instruments, hydraulic tools, torque wrenches, lifting gear, rescue equipment and much more. In addition, there are all the training certificates that your employees… Read more »

Knowledge is power – can a false sense of security put workers at risk?

For those working in the wind sector, the risks of arc flash incidents have always been better understood than in many other industries. Working with extremely high voltages and large currents on a daily basis, means that knowledge across the sector is noticeably higher compared with similar industries that are also at risk of the… Read more »

From data to profits

The use of digital technologies such as cloud computing, big data management and predictive analytics are changing the status quo of the energy market. An increasing number of wind farm operators are starting to implement these techniques, so as to control their costs. But, if the implementation of predictive maintenance is one of your digital… Read more »

The next decade of the global offshore wind market

Offshore wind market is reliant on key global markets The offshore wind power industry continues to grow at a steady pace. It is expanding to new markets as cost reductions in the technology and demand for renewable energy become increasingly attractive to governments, power utilities, and other stakeholders. While the onshore wind market is larger… Read more »

Superhero protection for the future of turbines, reducing impact damage

Andrew Wickham, Managing Director at Buoyant works, has been involved in impact protection design, engineering and manufacture for the past 25 years. Developing and creating brands such as Hippo Marine and Manuplas, both long standing manufacturers of fendering, booms, buoys and other impact absorbing structures, has pioneered a new design. WindShield is a long-term protection… Read more »